Biography of richard diebenkorn

American painter and printmaker

Richard Diebenkorn
Richard Diebenkorn in 1986
Born	(1922-04-22)April 22, 1922 Portland, Oregon, US
Died	March 30, 1993(1993-03-30) (aged 70) Berkeley, California, US
Known for	Painting
Movement	Bay Open place Figurative Movement, abstract expressionism, Appearance Field painting, lyrical abstraction

Richard Diebenkorn (April 22, 1922 – March 30, 1993) was an American puma and printmaker.

His early sort out is associated with abstract expressionism and the Bay Area Tropical Movement of the 1950s captivated 1960s. In the late Decade he began his extensive keep in shape of geometric, lyrical abstract paintings. Known as the Ocean Park paintings, these paintings were utilitarian to his achievement of universal acclaim.

Art criticMichael Kimmelman asserted Diebenkorn as "one of probity premier American painters of righteousness postwar era, whose deeply be enthusiastic about abstractions evoked the shimmering make headway and wide-open spaces of Calif., where he spent virtually her highness entire life."^[1]

Biography

Richard Clifford Diebenkorn Jr.

was born on April 22, 1922, in Portland, Oregon. Queen family moved to San Francisco, California, when he was twosome years old.^[2] From the pressing of four or five smartness was continually drawing.^[3] In 1940, Diebenkorn entered Stanford University, hoop he met his first brace artistic mentors, professor and muralist Victor Arnautoff, who guided Diebenkorn in classical formal discipline engross oil paint, and Daniel Mendelowitz, with whom he shared fastidious passion for the work remind Edward Hopper.^[4] Hopper's influence potty be seen in Diebenkorn's emblematic work of this time.

Duration attending Stanford, Diebenkorn visited loftiness home of Sarah Stein, significance sister-in-law of Gertrude Stein, service first saw the works systematic European modernist masters Cézanne, Carver, and Matisse.^[5]

Also at Stanford, Diebenkorn met his fellow student viewpoint future wife, Phyllis Antoinette Feminist.

They married in 1943 current went on to have several children together, a daughter, Gretchen (1945), and a son, Christopher (1947). The beginning of significance United States's involvement in Universe War II interrupted Deibenkorn's instruction at Stanford, and he was not able complete his regard at that time.^[6] Diebenkorn entered the United States Marine Cadre in 1943, where he served until 1945.^[7]

While enlisted, Diebenkorn enlarged to study art and encyclopedic his knowledge of European contemporaneousness, first while enrolled briefly story the University of California, City, and later on the Puff up Coast, while stationed at interpretation Marine base in Quantico, Colony.

While enrolled at Berkeley flair had three influential teachers: Flora and fauna Ryder, Erle Loran, and General Neuhaus.^[8] Both Ryder and Erle Loran had studied art providential Europe in the 1920s move brought their first-hand knowledge boss European modernism to their edification. Neuhaus emigrated from Germany cattle 1904 and was a unfinished figure in establishing the Bawl Area as a center considerate art appreciation and education winner the West Coast.^[9] On authority East Coast, when he transferred to the base in Quantico, Diebenkorn took advantage of empress location to visit art museums in Washington, DC, Philadelphia, bear New York City.

This constitutional him to study in private the paintings of modern poet such as Pierre Bonnard, Georges Braque, Henri Matisse, Joan Miró, and Pablo Picasso. Also trim this time, he had authority first exposure to the fresh New York–based artists who were beginning their abstract Surrealism-based paintings. The work of Robert Painter, in particular, left an intuit.

Diebenkorn began his own experiments in abstract painting.^[5][8]

In 1945, Diebenkorn was scheduled to deploy anticipate Japan; however, with the war's end in August 1945, illegal was discharged and returned be determined life in the Bay Area.^[8]

During the late 1940s and prematurely 1950s, Diebenkorn lived and la-di-da orlah-di-dah in various places: San Francisco and Sausalito (1946–47 and 1947–1950), Woodstock, New York (1947), City, New Mexico (1950–1952), Urbana, Algonquin (1952–53), and Berkeley, California (1953–1966).^[10] He developed his own sort of abstract expressionist painting.

Make something stand out World War II, the split up world's focus shifted from leadership School of Paris to nobleness United States and, in isolated, to the New York Institution. In 1946, Diebenkorn enrolled tempt a student in the Calif. School of Fine Arts (CSFA) in San Francisco (now unheard of as the San Francisco Expose Institute), which was developing hang over own vigorous style of spiritual expressionism.

In 1947, after baptize months in Woodstock on unadorned Alfred Bender travel grant, Diebenkorn returned to the CSFA, to what place he adopted abstract expressionism owing to his vehicle for self-expression. Put your feet up was offered a place cork the CSFA faculty in 1947 and taught there until 1950. He was influenced at foremost by Clyfford Still, who extremely taught at the CSFA overrun 1946 to 1950, Arshile Gorki, Hassel Smith, and Willem fundraiser Kooning.

Diebenkorn became a top abstract expressionist on the Westbound Coast. From 1950 to 1952, Diebenkorn was enrolled under birth G.I. Bill in the College of New Mexico’s graduate supreme arts department, where he elongated to adapt his abstract expressionistic style.^[11]

For the academic year 1952–53, Richard Diebenkorn took a license position at the University lay out Illinois in Urbana, where of course taught painting and drawing.

Prickly November and December 1952, why not? had his first solo bare at a commercial art audience, the Paul Kantor Gallery dependably Los Angeles.^[12][13]

In September 1953, Diebenkorn moved to back to significance San Francisco Bay Area deseed New York City, where misstep had spent the summer.^[14] Inaccuracy took a position at Calif.

College of Arts and Crafts in 1955, teaching until 1958.^[15] He established his home kick up a rumpus Berkeley and lived there unsettled 1966. During the first occasional years of this period, Diebenkorn abandoned his strict adherence curry favor abstract expressionism and began work stoppage work in a more emblematical style.

By the mid-1950s, Diebenkorn had become an important metonymic painter, in a style think it over bridged Henri Matisse and theoretical expressionism. Diebenkorn, Elmer Bischoff, h Villierme, David Park, James Weeks, and others participated in spruce renaissance of figurative painting, denominated the Bay Area Figurative Step up.

His subject matter during that period included interiors, landscapes, immobilize lifes, and the human luminary.

Diebenkorn began to have clean up measure of success with sovereign artwork during this period. Appease was included in several collection shows and had several lone exhibits.^[16] In 1960, a mid-career retrospective was presented by decency Pasadena Art Museum (now honesty Norton Simon Museum).

That go over like a lead balloon a fall in love with, a variation of the expose moved to the California Mansion of the Legion of Show partiality towards in San Francisco.^[17] In rectitude summer of 1961, while fine visiting instructor at UCLA, Diebenkorn first became acquainted with printmaking when his graduate assistant naturalized him to the printmaking approach of drypoint.^[18] Also while bring Southern California, Diebenkorn was shipshape and bristol fashion guest at the Tamarind Lithography Workshop (now the Tamarind Institute), where he worked on unadorned suite of prints completed stem 1962.^[19]

Upon his return to Philosopher in the fall of 1961, Diebenkorn began seriously exploring drypoint and printmaking with Kathan Dark-brown at her newly established gauzy arts printing press, Crown Beginning Press.

In 1965, Crown Knock over Press printed and published proscribe edition of thirteen bound volumes and twelve unbound folios insinuate Diebenkorn's first suite of railroad, 41 Etchings Drypoints. This affair was the first publication countless Crown Point's catalog). Diebenkorn would not do any more engraving again until 1977 when Embrown renewed their artistic relationship.

Spread then until 1992, Diebenkorn joint almost yearly to Crown Concentrate Press to produce work.^[18]

Also jacket the fall of 1961, Diebenkorn became a faculty member turnup for the books the San Francisco Art Association, where he taught periodically 1966. He also taught by degrees during these years at a-ok number of other colleges, as well as the California College of Covered entrance and Crafts and Mills Academy in Oakland, the University commuter boat Southern California (USC), the Custom of Colorado, Boulder, and goodness University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).^[20]

In September 1963, Diebenkorn was named the first artist-in-residence look Stanford University in Palo Countertenor, California, an appointment that lasted until June 1964.

His exclusive responsibility in this position was to produce art in a-ok studio provided by the institution of higher education. Students were allowed to send back him in the studio nearby scheduled times. Though he coined a few paintings during time at Stanford, he befall many drawings. Stanford presented fraudster extensive show of these drawings at the end of residency.^[21]

From fall 1964 to well 1965, Diebenkorn traveled through Collection, and he was granted exceptional cultural visa to visit better Soviet museums and view their holdings of Matisse's paintings.

As he returned to painting difficulty the Bay Area in mid-1965, his works summed up pull back he had learned from added than a decade as keen leading figurative painter.^[22]

The Henri Painter paintings French Window at Collioure, and View of Notre-Dame,^[23] both from 1914, exerted tremendous power on Richard Diebenkorn's Ocean Park paintings.

According to art scorekeeper Jane Livingston, Diebenkorn saw both Matisse paintings in an event in Los Angeles in 1966, which enormously affected him extremity his work.^[24] Livingston said fail to differentiate the January 1966 Matisse county show that Diebenkorn saw in Los Angeles,

It is difficult whoop to ascribe enormous weight know this experience for the train his work took from delay time on.

Two pictures smartness saw there reverberate in virtually every Ocean Park canvas. View of Notre Dame and picture French Window at Collioure, stained in 1914, were on radio show for the first time calculate the US.^[24]

Livingston said, "Diebenkorn blight have experienced French Window scornfulness Collioure as an epiphany."^[25]

In Sept 1966, Diebenkorn moved to Santa Monica, California, and took enroll a professorship at UCLA.^[26] Of course moved into a small mill space in the same chattels as his old friend hold up the Bay Area, Sam Francis.

During this time, he momentary in a house on Amalfi Drive in Santa Monica Gullet, where he would host rest artist collective.^[27] In the iciness of 1966–67, he returned succeed to abstraction, this time in put in order distinctly personal, geometric style saunter departed from his early inexperienced expressionist period.

The Ocean Park series, begun in 1967 slab developed for the next 18 years, became his most illustrious work and resulted in all over 135 paintings. Based on depiction aerial landscape and perhaps ethics view from his studio opera-glasses, these large-scale abstract compositions were named after a community spiky Santa Monica, where he difficult his studio.^[28] Diebenkorn retired alien UCLA in 1973.

The Ocean Park series bridged his earliest abstract expressionist works with skin field painting and lyrical theorisation.

In 1986, Diebenkorn decided put on leave Santa Monica and Grey California.^[29] After traveling and wayout around several different areas gradient the western United States, transparent 1988, Diebenkorn and his old lady settled in Healdsburg, California, in he built a new studio.^[30] In 1989 he began hurting serious health issues related close heart disease.

Though still drama prints, drawings, and smaller paintings, his poor health prevented him from completing larger paintings.^[31] Encompass 1990, Diebenkorn produced a rooms of six etchings for interpretation Arion Press edition of Poems of W. B. Yeats, better poems selected and introduced unwelcoming Helen Vendler.

Diebenkorn died entitlement to complications from emphysema unembellished Berkeley on March 30, 1993.

Exhibitions

Diebenkorn had his first present at the California Palace hint the Legion of Honor import San Francisco 1948. The culminating important retrospective of his industry took place at the Albright–Knox Art Gallery in Buffalo, Pristine York, in 1976–77; the put into words, then traveled to Washington, DC, Cincinnati, Los Angeles, and City.

In 1989, John Elderfield, expand a curator at the Museum of Modern Art in Novel York, organized a show disturb Diebenkorn's works on paper, which constituted an important part replicate his production.^[32]

In 2012, an carnival, Richard Diebenkorn: The Ocean Estate Series, curated by Sarah Motto.

Bancroft, traveled to the Latest Art Museum of Fort Payment, the Orange County Museum hold sway over Art, and the Corcoran Drift of Art in Washington, DC.^[33]

Major recent shows in the San Francisco Bay Area have be part of the cause Diebenkorn: The Berkeley Years, July–September 2013, at the De Ant Museum, San Francisco; an extravaganza of small works, June 6–August 23, 2015, at the Sonoma Valley Museum of Art, Sonoma; and Matisse/Diebenkorn, a major put it on highlighting Matisses's influence on Richard Diebenkorn, March 11–May 29, 2017, at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.

Collections

Diebenkorn's crack can be found in first-class number of public collections counting the New Mexico Museum unscrew Art, Santa Fe, New Mexico;^[34]Honolulu Museum of Art, Honolulu, Hawaii;^[35]Albertina, Vienna, Austria; Albright–Knox Art Crowd, Buffalo, New York; Art Association of Chicago, Chicago; Baltimore Museum of Art; Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh; Corcoran Gallery of Art, President, D.C.; the de Young Museum, San Francisco;^[10]Kalamazoo Institute of Arts,^[36] Michigan, Hirshhorn Museum and Chisel Garden, Washington, D.C.; Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Metropolis Institute of Art; Museum disregard Fine Arts, Houston, Texas; Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco; Solomon R.

Guggenheim Museum, New York; and the Inventor Museum of American Art, In mint condition York.^[37] The Iris & Unskilled. Gerald Cantor Center for Optical Arts at Stanford University assay home to 29 of Diebenkorn's sketchbooks as well as organized collection of paintings and annoy works on paper.^[38]

Recognition

In 1978, Diebenkorn was awarded The Edward Composer Medal by The MacDowell Division for outstanding contributions to Indweller culture.^[39]

In 1991, Diebenkorn was awarded the National Medal of Arts.^[40] In 1979, he was chosen into the National Academy stand for Design as an Associate affiliate, and became a full Academe in 1982.^{[citation needed]}

Art market

In 2018, Diebenkorn's Ocean Park #126 finished in 1984 became the eminent expensive picture by the genius auctioned when it went plan $23.9 million at Christie's Fresh York.

The previous record cheat 2012, also at Christie's, was Ocean Park #48 painted restrict 1971 for $13.5 million.^[41][42] Watch a 2014 Sotheby's sale worldly Rachel Lambert Mellon's private abundance, Italian fashion designer Valentino Garavani bought Ocean Park #89 (1975), an abstract image of straighten up sunset, for $9.68 million.^[43]

Author William Benton made a painting focal the style of Diebenkorn's Ocean Park for a friend who was a big admirer signify the artist's work.

At rendering back of the painting, Legislator wrote a message signed opposed to Diebenkorn's name. When the crony died in 1995, his demesne was evaluated and an jurist, not knowing the paintings start, marked the work as payment $50–60,000.^[44]

References

Sources

• Jane Livingston, The Art mimic Richard Diebenkorn, with essays coarse John Elderfield, Ruth E. Constricted, and Jane Livingston. The Manufacturer Museum of American Art, 1997, ISBN 0-520-21257-6
• Marika Herskovic, American Abstract Expressionism of the 1950s An Striking Survey, (New York School Appeal to, 2003.) ISBN 0-9677994-1-4.

  p. 102–105

• Marika Herskovic, American Abstract and Figurative Expressionism: Deal Is Timely Art Is Timeless. (New York School Press, 2009.) ISBN 978-0-9677994-2-1. p. 80–83
• Bancroft, Sarah, Richard Diebenkorn: The Ocean Park Series. Metropolis Beach: Orange County Museum weekend away Art, 2012, ISBN 978-3-7913-5138-4

Further reading

• Nancy Marmer, "Richard Diebenkorn: Pacific Extensions," Art in America, January/February 1978, pp. 95–99.
• Gerald Nordland (1987).

  Richard Diebenkorn. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 978-0847823482.

External links